In California you can’t be found guilty of a violent crime provided you can prove that the only reason you used the violent action was in self-defense. In addition to proving that you were in danger, you’ll also have to prove that your actions were reasonable given the set of circumstances you found yourself in.
To use the self-defense argument in California you must:
- Prove that your life was in danger, that you were about to be touched unlawfully (sexual assault,) or believed you’d be injured
- That you truly believed the amount of force you used during the action was the only way you could protect yourself
- That you didn’t use more force than the situation justified
California has a surprising number of situations where self-defense is a reasonable defense, including:
- Murder/man-slaughter
- Aggravated battery
- Assault with a deadly weapon
You Have to Prove Reasonable Belief
The most difficult aspect of using self-defense in many cases is proving that you truly believed that you were in danger. When these cases are heard by a jury, you and your defense team have to recreate the events in such a way that the jury is virtually standing in your shoes and really gets the sense that you were in danger.
What you can’t do is use self-defense and mental illness as a defense. If a murder or violent assault took place because the defendant heard voices or suffers from a mental illness that impedes their ability to judge circumstances, they’ll need to use a different defense than self-defense.
Battered-Woman’s Defense
There’s one exception to rule about not being able to use a mental illness as self-defense, which is battered woman’s syndrome (and battered male syndrome, though it’s not as common.) To use this defense, the defendant needs to prove that they were in an abusive relationship and that they feared for their life. In these cases, California judges have been advised to consider a self-defense argument.
Putting Together a Self-Defense Case
In most cases, self-defense cases never make it into the California court system. While it’s not unusual for a person to be arrested and held for a few hours while the police collect witness statements and evidence.